A data structure is a specialized format for organizing and storing data. General data structure types include the array, the file, the record, the table, the tree, and so on. Any data structure is designed to organize data to suit a specific purpose so that it can be accessed and worked with in appropriate ways.

Linear data structure: A linear data structure traverses the data elements sequentially, in which only one data element can directly be reached.

Ex: Arrays, Linked Lists, Stack, Queue, Any type of List all are linear.

Trees like Binary Tree, B Tree or B+ Tree are examples of non linear data structure.

All the above given statements are functions of Inventory.

Inventory or stock is the goods and materials that a business holds for the ultimate goal of resale. Inventory management is a discipline primarily about specifying the shape and placement of stocked goods.

The primary function of inventory is to use marketing and production to increase profitability, to get the maximum amount for the business' investment. There are other functions of inventory, such as balancing supply and demand, improving efficiency, establishing a safety stock and geographical specialization.

The only transport method that can move species against their concentration gradient i.e, from low to high concentration is called Active transport.

Facilitated diffusion only moves species down their concentration gradient i.e, from high to low concentration.

Here given that 9 = 63, 8 = 48, 7=35, ... 

The given question follows a pattern that

9 x (9 - 2) = 9 x 7 = 63

8 x (8 - 2) = 8 x 6 = 48

7 x (7 - 2) = 7 x 5 = 35

Similarly, 4 x (4 - 2) = 4 x 2 = 8.

Fermentation is the chemical breakdown of a substance by bacteria, yeasts, or other microorganisms, typically involving effervescence and the giving off of heat.

The two most common types of fermentation are

(1) alcoholic fermentation (and) 

(2) lactic acid fermentation.

(1) Alcoholic fermentation : the type of fermentation in which ethyl alcohol is the main end product .This is very common in yeast (unicellular fungus) and also seen in some bacteria. Yeast cells release enzymes called zymase complex which bring about the fermentation. The reactions are similar to anaerobic respiration.

(2) Lactic acid fermentation : The type of fermentation in which lactic acid is the end product.

It is carried out by some bacteria (e.g. lactic acid bacteria), and also by animals (muscle glycolysis in animals, under oxygen deficiency, results in the formation of lactic acid this is whay we experience in muscle cramps, or "Charley horse").

1/2 as a percentage means

1/2 = 0.5 in decimal

Now, in percentage means 0.5 x 100% = 50%.

Groundwater is all the water that has penetrated the earth's surface and is found in one of two soil layers. The one nearest the surface is the "zone of aeration", where gaps between soil are filled with both air and water. Below this layer is the "zone of saturation", where the gaps are filled with water.

IG stands for Inspector General of Police. DIG(Deputy Inspector General ofPolice) is a One-star rank in the police service who works under IG.