Questions

The repeated execution of a loop of code while waiting for an event to occur is called busy-waiting. The CPU is not engaged in any real productive activity during this period, and the process does not progress toward completion.

When the OS at the explicit request of another process creates a process, this action is called process spawning.

The process of extensive planting of trees or seeds in barren lands to increase forest cover is called as Afforestation.

Oligarchy is a form of government in which the power rests with the small group of people.

Gross domestic product (GDP) is the monetary value of all the finished goods and services produced within a country's borders in a specific time period.

Simply, GDP is a broad measurement of a nation’s overall economic activity. 

It is calculated by summation of Consumption, investment, government purchases, and net exports.

There are different colors that are used for different signs on the maps. The typical color standard for topographic maps depicts contours in brown, bodies of water in blue, boundaries in black, and grids and roads in red. Topographic maps may use different colors to represent area features.

Black represents man-made objects or cultural features like roads, bridges, borders, etc...