Questions

It is used to get parent process identifier

The term Hassles refers to minor annoyances of everyday life.

Let the required number be 'X'

Condition 1 :  

$$\begin{gathered} XX = 2X \\ => 2X2 = X \\ => X = 12 \end{gathered}$$

Condition 2 :

$$\begin{gathered} X × X = X2 \\ => X = 12 \end{gathered}$$

Therefore, 12 is the number which becomes double when it is divided by itself and becomes half when it is multiplied by itself.

In a first, China is planning to send mini-ecosystems — containing potato seeds and silkworm eggs — to the Moon next year, in an attempt to study how the organisms develop on the lunar surface. The 3-kilogramme mini-ecosystem, developed by research teams led by Chongqing University in China, will be sent to the Moon by the Chang’e 4 scheduled to be launched in 2018, authorities announced at the Global Space Exploration Conference. An 18-centimetre-tall cylinder will carry potato seeds and silkworm eggs to be incubated.

Most of the water in the body will be lost by kidneys in the form of urine.

One word substitution for Be the embodiment or perfect example of is Personify. Personify means represent or embody (a quality, concept, etc.) in a physical form.

Characterise: describe the distinctive nature or features of.

Idol: an image or representation of a god used as an object of worship.

Signify: be an indication of.