The difference between Union and Union all is that Union all will not eliminate duplicate rows, instead it just pulls all rows from all tables fitting your query specifics and combines them into a table. A UNION statement effectively does a SELECT DISTINCT on the results set.
Flag is a flip-flop used to store the information about the status of a processor and the status of the insturction executed most recently.
A software or hardware mark that signals a particular condition or status. A flag is like a switch that can be either on or off. The flag said to be set when it is turned on.